Effect of astragaloside on cardiac function,inflammatory-related cytokines and endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling pathway in rats with acute myocardial infarction / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To evaluate the cardio protective effect of astragaloside in rats with acute myocardial infarction and investigate the potential molecular mechanisms.Methods Forty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group and astragaloside group,with 15 rats in each group.The acute myocardial infarction model was prepared by permanently occluding the left anterior descending artery in the model group and the astragaloside group,while the rats in the sham operation group were threaded only.Twenty-four hours after operation,the rats in the astragaloside group received astragaloside 20 mg · kg-1 · d-1 by intraperitoneal injection,once a day for two weeks.The rats in sham operation group and model group received isodose carboxymethylcellulose sodium by intraperitoneal injection,once a day for two weeks.Electrocardiogram was recorded to observe the changes of ST segment before ligation,after ligation immediately,1,3,7,14 d after intervened by astragaloside.Echocardiography was used to detect the left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole (LVDD),left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (LVDS),left ventricular end diastohc volume (LVEDV),left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV),left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).The levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),interleukin (IL)-1 β,IL-6,nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in serum were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and the level of nitric oxide(NO) in plasma was measured by reagent kid.The expressions of toll-like receptor(TLR) 2,TLR4,nucleotide binding oligomerization do main(NOD) 1,NOD2,endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results During the operation,there was 0,4,2 dead rats in the sham operation group,model group and astragaloside group.The ST segment in the model group and astragaloside group was higher than that in the sham operation group after operation immediately,1,3,7,14 d after intervented by astragaloside(P ＜ 0.01).The ST segment in the astragaloside group was lower than that in the model operation group at the time of 1,3,7,14 d after intervented by astragaloside(P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the sham operation group,the LVDD,LVDS,LVEDV,LVESV increased (P ＜ 0.01),LVFS,LVEF decreased (P ＜ 0.01),the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and the expression of TLR2,TLR4,NOD1,NOD2 mRNA in cardiac muscle tissue were higher in the model group and astragaloside group (P ＜ 0.01),the level of NO was lower (P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum NF-κB in the model group was higher than that in the sham operation group(P ＜0.01),the expression of the eNOS mRNA in cardiac muscle tissue was lower than that in the sham operation group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the level of serum NF-κB and the expression of the eNOS mRNA in cardiac muscle tissue between the astragaloside group and sham operation group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the model group,in the astragaloside group the LVDD,LVDS,LVEDV,LVESV decreased (P ＜ 0.05),but LVFS,LVEF increased (P ＜ 0.05),the levels of TNF-o,IL-1 β,IL-6,NF-κB and the expression of TLR2,TLR4,NOD 1,NOD2 mRNA in cardiac muscle tissue were lower(P ＜ 0.05),the level of NO and the expression of the eNOS mRNA in cardiac muscle tissue were higher(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Astragaloside has protective effect against to acute myocardial infarction induced injury by decreasing the expression of TLR signal path and activating eNOS signaling.

Preliminary study on the functional localization of auditory cortex in auditory pathology patients using magnetoencephalography / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To access the pathological changes of the functional localization of the primary auditory cortex in auditory neuropathy patients using magnetoencephalography (MEG).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The M100 waves of cortical evoked magnetic fields (AEF) evoked by 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 kHz pure tones were measured respectively in 10 auditory neuropathy patients (20 ears) and 15 healthy young subjects (30 ears) using a whole head 306 channel magnetoencephalography (MEG) system. The auditory cortex magnetic source imaging obtained by superimposing functional MEG data on structural magnetic resonance image (MRI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The M100 sources were obtained in all 15 healthy young subjects in all frequency except for 8 kHz in 16 ears. But in auditory neuropathy patients, the ratio of M100 from 0.5 to 6 kHz were 27.5% (11/40), 22.5% (9/40), 7.5% (3/40), 5% (2/40), 5% (2/40) respectively and no any waves in 8 kHz. The evoked ratio of M100 in low frequency was high and that decreased gradually with increasing of evoked pure tone frequency. The M100 latentencies and amplitudes were longer and lower in patient group than that in control group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Auditory neuropathy is an audiology disease with pathological lesions from the VIII cranial nerve to auditory cortex. MEG might become an important reference in decision making for therapies.</p>

Effects of Astragalus injection on renal tubular function in patients with IgA nephropathy / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between the renal tubular function and the severity of tubulo interstitial lesion and the effects of Astragalus Injection (AI) on renal tubular function in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-seven patients with IgAN were randomly divided into the control group and the astragalus group, both received dipyridamole and benazepril orally, while the astragalus group treated with AI by intravenous dripping additionally. The indices for renal tubular function, including protein in blood and urine, urinary retinol binding protein (RBP) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG), were detected. Area of glomerular Bowman capsule, renal tubules, and capillary were measured with color magic image analysis system type CMIAS2000.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Urinary RBP and UNAG were correlated with tubulointerstitial lesion. Urine protein concentration decreased, blood albumin increased remarkably and renal tubular function improved after treatment in the astragalus group, with the improvement significantly different to those in the control group respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The severity of tubulointerstitial lesion was positively related to urinary RBP concentration, and astragalus injection has obvious effect on IgAN.</p>

Inhibitory effects of alpha-zearalenol on angiotensin II-induced integrin beta3 mRNA via suppression of nuclear factor-kappaB / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of alpha-zearalenol on angiotensin II-induced beta3 integrin mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mRNA level in integrin beta3 was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Endothelial NF-kappaB activity was determined by the luciferase activity assay of plasmid NF-kappaB-LUC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The angiotensin II-induced beta3 integrin mRNA expression was inhibited by alpha-zearalenol and 17beta-estradiol (10 nmol/L -1 micromol/L), but not influenced by ICI 182, 780, a pure competitive antagonist for estrogen receptor or a nitric oxide inhibitor Nomega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride. Alpha-zearalenol and 17beta-estradiol suppressed the angiotensin II-induced activation of NF-kappaB in endothelial cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alpha-zearalenol inhibits angiotensin II-induced integrin beta3 mRNA expression by suppressing NF-kappaB activation in endothelial cells.</p>